AC architecture converts solar energy to AC earlier in the system and may convert again when charging or discharging a battery.

An AC-coupled battery connects to the AC side of a solar system and uses its own conversion equipment to charge and discharge.

AC coupling connects solar and battery equipment on the alternating-current side of the system, often useful for retrofit storage projects.

AC nominal voltage is the standard alternating-current voltage a device is designed to operate with under normal grid or site conditions.

The 2014 NEC requires that most inverters be equipped with an AFCI, which enables the inverter to shut down for safety reasons if an arc is detected.

Aggregate power smoothing is the effect of combining output from multiple modules or strings so peaks and dips balance before reaching the inverter.

Air mass describes the path length sunlight travels through Earth’s atmosphere before reaching a solar module.

System users can receive Email or SMS notifications about performance-related issues and monitoring interruptions.

A software interface that allows applications, devices, or platforms to exchange data automatically.

An application note is a technical document that explains how to apply, configure, or design around a product in a specific installation scenario.

A PV array is a group of solar modules and strings that work together as one generating section of a solar system.

A device that automatically transfers a power supply from its primary source to a backup source when it senses a failure or outage in the primary source.

The authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) is the local body responsible for interpreting and enforcing electrical, building, and fire code requirements for a project.

Backup loads are the circuits or appliances a battery system is designed to power during a grid outage.

Battery adoption describes how widely system owners are adding energy storage to new or existing solar installations.

A battery incentive program is a utility, government, or market program that offers payments, rebates, or bill credits for installing or operating eligible battery storage.

A battery inverter converts battery DC power to AC power for use by loads or the grid and may also convert AC power to DC to charge the battery.

A battery management system monitors and protects battery cells by managing conditions such as voltage, current, temperature, and cell balancing.

A bill of materials (BOM) is the list of components, quantities, and part numbers required to build or quote a system.

Breaker space is the available room in an electrical panel for additional circuit breakers or interconnection equipment.

Bypass diodes are located inside the junction box of a PV module.

Cable length is the physical length of a conductor or connector lead, and it affects reach, voltage drop, layout, and installation planning.

Capacity factor is the ratio of actual energy produced over time to the energy a system would produce if it ran at full rated power continuously.

Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) is a Tigo data logger and communication component used with Tigo monitoring and compatible TS4 devices.

Cell temperature is the operating temperature of the solar cells inside a PV module, which can be much hotter than the surrounding air.

Clipping occurs when a solar system could produce more power than the inverter or module-level electronics can convert, so the excess energy is not captured.

Clipping Tax is Tigo's educational framing for energy that may be limited when module or system output exceeds conversion capacity.

A combiner box brings multiple electrical circuits together into one output circuit and may include overcurrent protection or disconnecting means.

Continuous current is the maximum current a device can carry for extended operation without exceeding its thermal or electrical rating.

Conversion losses are the energy losses that occur when electricity is converted between DC and AC or processed through power electronics.

Conversion Tax is Tigo's educational framing for losses that can occur when energy changes between DC and AC multiple times.

Critical loads are the most important electrical loads to keep powered during an outage, such as refrigeration, lighting, medical devices, networking equipment, or selected HVAC loads.

A term used in battery applications; it affects how stored energy is charged, discharged, backed up, or valued.

The first page on Tigo's Energy Intelligence (EI) Portal (Desktop version) is called the Installations page.

A datasheet is a manufacturer document that summarizes product ratings, dimensions, certifications, electrical limits, environmental limits, and installation-relevant specifications.

DC:AC ratio compares the total rated DC power of the solar array to the rated AC output capacity of the inverter.

DC architecture keeps more of the solar and storage energy path on the DC side of the system before conversion to AC for home or grid use.

A DC-coupled battery connects on the DC side of a solar-plus-storage system, reducing the number of conversions in some energy flows.

DC-coupled storage connects solar and battery energy through a DC architecture before conversion to AC for loads or the grid.

DC coupling connects solar and battery equipment on the direct-current side of the system, which can reduce conversion steps in some architectures.

DC input voltage is the direct-current voltage range or maximum voltage a device can accept safely from PV modules or batteries.

A DC-optimized system uses DC optimizers at the module level with a central or hybrid inverter to manage solar production and conversion.

A DC optimizer is a module-level power electronics device that manages the DC output of a solar module before power is sent to a central inverter.

DC oversizing is designing the PV array's DC nameplate capacity higher than the inverter's AC rating.

A DC-to-DC converter changes one DC voltage or current operating point into another, often to improve control, safety, or energy harvest.

Demand response is a program or control strategy that adjusts energy use or storage behavior to help the grid during high-demand periods.

Dimensions describe the physical size of a device, usually needed for layout, mounting, enclosure planning, and clearance checks.

Discovery is the process in which monitoring equipment identifies and maps connected module-level devices during commissioning.

Tigo TS4-Duo is a legacy MLPE form factor that allowed one device to connect to two PV modules, reducing device count for compatible applications.

An east-west array is a PV layout with modules facing both east and west, spreading production across morning and afternoon hours.

The EI App is the Tigo mobile experience used to commission, view, and manage supported Tigo systems.

EI Basic is an Energy Intelligence monitoring plan level for viewing essential system performance data in the Tigo platform.

EI Battery refers to a legacy Tigo battery product; current storage messaging should use GO Battery within the GO Optimized ESS family.

Energy Intelligence is Tigo's software and monitoring layer for viewing solar system performance and connected Tigo components.

An EI Inverter is a Tigo inverter used in GO Optimized ESS; select the US or EU version based on the region and system design.

EI Inverter (EU) is the EU inverter used in GO Optimized ESS with GO Battery (EU), EI Link (EU), TS4/MLPE, and Energy Intelligence.

EI Inverter (US) is the US hybrid inverter used in GO Optimized ESS with GO Battery (US), ATS, TS4 optimizers, and Energy Intelligence.

EI Link (EU) is a wiring and communication component used in the EU GO Optimized ESS architecture.

The EI Portal is the web-based Tigo monitoring experience for viewing system and fleet performance.

EI Premium is an Energy Intelligence monitoring plan level that expands monitoring and analysis capabilities beyond basic system visibility.

EI Professional is an Energy Intelligence monitoring plan level designed for installers, O&M teams, and fleet operators that need advanced site management capabilities.

Enclosure material is the material used for a product housing, selected to protect electronics from weather, impact, corrosion, heat, and jobsite reality.

Total accumulated kilowatt-hours (kWh) output from any TS4, EI Inverter, or EI Battery within a specified time frame.

Energy conversion is the process of changing electricity from DC to AC or from AC to DC so it can be used, stored, or exported.

Energy resilience is the ability of a home, business, or system to keep essential energy available during outages or abnormal grid conditions.

Equipment Tax is Tigo's educational framing for added hardware complexity in some solar-plus-storage architectures.

An energy storage system (ESS) combines battery storage, power conversion, controls, and safety equipment to store and use energy when it is most useful.

An export rate is the compensation a utility or program provides for energy sent from a solar system to the grid.

Fault current is abnormal current that flows during a short circuit or other electrical fault, and it must be accounted for in protection and equipment ratings.

Fire safety labeling identifies PV or storage equipment and shutdown behavior so first responders, inspectors, and service teams can understand the system quickly.

Fleet monitoring is the management of many solar sites from one software environment, usually with filters, alerts, status views, and performance metrics.

The Tigo Gateway is a legacy rooftop transceiver that communicated with TS4 devices and connected back to a Tigo data logger before being replaced by TAP.

GO Battery is the Tigo battery product family used in GO Optimized ESS systems, with US and EU versions depending on region.

GO Battery (EU) is the EU battery in the GO Optimized ESS family, used with EI Inverter (EU), EI Link (EU), TS4/MLPE, and Energy Intelligence.

GO Battery (US) is the US battery in the GO Optimized ESS family, used with EI Inverter (US), ATS, TS4 optimizers, and Energy Intelligence.

GO Optimized ESS is Tigo's current energy storage system family, combining optimized PV, inverter, battery, region-specific system components, and Energy Intelligence.

GO Junction is part of the EU GO Optimized ESS ecosystem and supports integration with selected loads or devices through the Tigo energy management architecture.

Green Glove Service is a Tigo support offering intended to help installers through design, installation, commissioning, and first monitoring review.

A grid outage is a loss of utility power; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

A grounded system intentionally connects one conductor or point in the electrical system to ground for safety, reference, or fault-clearing purposes.

Hazard detection is the ability of equipment or software to detect unsafe operating conditions such as arc faults, overvoltage, overtemperature, or communication loss.

A heartbeat signal is a recurring communication signal used to confirm that a device or system is powered, connected, and behaving normally.

Heat dissipation is how a device releases generated heat so electronics stay within safe operating temperature limits.

A high-wattage module is a solar module with a higher nameplate power rating, commonly 400 watts and above in modern residential systems and higher in many commercial applications.

Humidity rating defines the moisture conditions a device can tolerate during operation or storage.

A hybrid inverter manages both solar generation and battery storage, converting DC and AC power as needed so the home or building can use, store, or export energy.

Current at the module's maximum power point; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.

The current measurement of a PV module when a load is applied to the string, i.e., the PV inverter is producing.

Inrush current is the brief surge of current that can occur when equipment is first energized.

Installation speed is the time and labor required to mount and connect a component in the field; small per-module savings can become big on a full roof.

Inverter capacity is the maximum amount of AC power an inverter can deliver under its rated operating conditions.

Inverter clipping happens when total available DC power exceeds the AC output capacity of the inverter.

Inverter compatibility means the selected modules, electronics, inverter, and code-compliance equipment are approved to operate together.

Inverter nameplate capacity is the rated output power listed for an inverter, typically expressed in watts or kilowatts AC.

Inverter Power Output Control (IPOC) is a function that limits or controls inverter output power to meet interconnection, export, utility, or site design requirements.

An inverter rating is the specified power, voltage, current, or operating limit for an inverter, often used to determine system compatibility and output capacity.

Dust tight and protected against water jets; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

Dust tight and protected against continuous immersion; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

Irradiance is the amount of solar power reaching a surface, usually measured in watts per square meter.

Short-circuit current a module can deliver; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.