Dust tight and protected against water jets; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

Dust tight and protected against continuous immersion; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

Irradiance is the amount of solar power reaching a surface, usually measured in watts per square meter.

Short-circuit current a module can deliver; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.

The current of a PV module when it is not under load, i.e., the PV inverter is not producing.

Isolation is electrical separation between circuits or conductors to reduce shock risk, prevent unintended current paths, and support safe operation.

A Junction Box (commonly referred to as JBox) is the box or connection point on the backside of a PV module (solar panel).

A keep-alive signal is a recurring signal that tells connected devices normal operation is allowed; if the signal disappears, devices can switch to a safe state.

Lifetime energy value is the estimated dollar value of energy produced, saved, stored, or lost over the operating life of a solar project.

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is a lithium-ion battery chemistry valued in stationary storage for thermal stability, cycle life, and safety characteristics.

Load control is the ability to manage when certain electrical loads turn on, turn off, or draw power.

Load shifting is the practice of storing energy when it is cheaper or more available and using it later when grid energy is more expensive or constrained.

A MAC (Media Access Control) ID is a unique address assigned to any Tigo hardware device with a network interface controller (NIC).

Maximum input current is the highest current a device input is rated to handle safely.

A Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) is a communications architecture comprising radio nodes organized in a mesh topology.

MFRS stands for multi-factor rapid shutdown, a rapid shutdown approach that can use multiple signals or conditions to initiate PV system shutdown.

A microinverter is a small inverter mounted at or near an individual solar module that converts that module’s DC output into AC power.

The Microinverter Tax is Tigo’s name for the combined performance and equipment penalties that can occur when high-wattage modules and batteries are paired with AC architecture.

Module-level power electronics (MLPE) are devices installed at or near individual PV modules to provide functions such as optimization, monitoring, and/or rapid shutdown.

MODBUS is a communication protocol for manually connecting electrical devices within a data stream.

A "photovoltaic module" is an assembly of solar cells, sometimes incorrectly referred to as a solar panel.

A module cable is the PV lead or connector cable used to connect a solar module to other modules, MLPE, or string wiring.

Module degradation is the gradual reduction in a solar module’s output capability over time.

Module-level clipping occurs when power is capped at each individual module instead of at the combined array level.

Module-level control is the ability to manage or affect PV behavior at the individual module level, commonly for optimization, monitoring, or rapid shutdown.

Module-level monitoring shows production or electrical data from individual PV modules instead of only reporting system-level or inverter-level totals.

Module-level shutdown reduces voltage at or near each PV module when a rapid shutdown event is initiated.

Module mismatch occurs when PV modules in the same electrical path produce different current or voltage because of shade, orientation, soiling, aging, or manufacturing differences.

Module orientation describes the direction and tilt of solar modules, such as east-facing, west-facing, south-facing, or mixed-orientation arrays.

Module wattage is the rated power output of a solar module under Standard Test Conditions, usually shown in watts.

On the EI Portal or App, a display of total energy generated, the number of installations, and other environmental information.

MPN stands for manufacturer part number, the unique product identifier assigned by the manufacturer.

Maximum Power Point Tracking; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

A technique used by inverters and charge controllers to maximize energy extraction as conditions vary.

The North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP) is a nonprofit professional certification organization that offers accreditation programs for photovoltaic and renewable energy professionals throughout North America.

NEC 690.12 is the National Electrical Code section that defines rapid shutdown requirements for certain PV systems on or in buildings in the United States.

NEM 3.0 is California’s updated net billing framework that changed how exported solar energy is compensated for many new residential solar customers.

An O&M manual explains operation, inspection, maintenance, troubleshooting, and service procedures for a system or product.

Operating temperature is the ambient or device temperature range in which equipment can operate safely and within specification.

An operating voltage window is the DC voltage range within which an inverter or optimizer can function properly.

A solar optimizer is a DC-to-DC power electronics device that helps a PV module operate closer to its best power point when shade, mismatch, soiling, orientation, or aging would otherwise reduce output.

Overvoltage protection helps prevent damage when voltage exceeds safe limits due to grid events, switching, lightning, or wiring conditions.

A PDF legacy document is an older technical or marketing document that remains available as a static PDF rather than a current web-native page.

Peak power is the maximum power production capacity of the PV modules on a system multiplied by the number of modules in the system.

Peak sun hours estimate the equivalent number of hours per day when solar irradiance averages 1000 W/m².

Per-module clipping is clipping that happens independently at each solar module because each module has its own output limit.

A feature available in the TS4-O and TS4-L covers incorporating MPPT, Impedance Matching, and module behavior statistics for the greatest energy yield and selective deployment of optimization.

Power-line communication (PLC) sends data or control signals over existing electrical conductors instead of a separate communication cable.

Pmax is the maximum rated power output of a PV module under standard test conditions.

P/N means part number, the identifier used to specify, order, or reference a component, kit, or document.

On the Charts tab of the monitoring portal, this represents the total DC power produced by your system.

A power optimizer is a module-level DC power device that conditions a solar module's output to reduce production losses from mismatch, shade, or non-uniform operating conditions.

Group of PV strings; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.

A photovoltaic hazard control system (PVHCS) is a listed system approach used in NEC rapid shutdown compliance pathways to control PV hazards within the array boundary.

A PV module rating is the electrical performance value assigned to a solar module, including power, voltage, and current ratings measured under defined test conditions.

A safety shutdown feature that can be activated locally, remotely, or, in some cases, automatically.

A module-level 0V rapid shutdown state; it supports electrical safety, inspection, or code-compliant system operation.

A photovoltaic rapid shutdown system (PVRSS) is a listed combination of equipment that provides rapid shutdown functionality for a PV system.

Series-connected PV modules; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.

PV system commissioning is the process of verifying that a solar system is installed, configured, communicating, and operating as designed before it is handed over for normal operation.

A quick start guide (QSG) is a shortened installation document focused on the essential steps needed to install or commission a product.

Rapid shutdown is a PV safety function that reduces energized conductors in or around a solar array to safer voltage levels after a shutdown is initiated.

Required fast voltage reduction at module level; it supports electrical safety, inspection, or code-compliant system operation.

Reclaimed energy is the extra solar energy captured because optimization reduced losses from shade, mismatch, or other module-level differences.

Rev means revision, the version identifier for a document, product, firmware release, or design change.

A revenue grade meter is a high-accuracy meter used when energy measurements may support billing, incentives, reporting, or compliance.

Round-trip efficiency is the percentage of energy put into a battery system that can be retrieved later after charging, storing, and discharging losses.

A standard protocol defining the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers for use in communication system.

Rapid shutdown is a PV safety function that reduces energized conductors in or around a solar array to safer voltage levels after a shutdown is initiated.

Received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is a measure of wireless signal strength.

A RSS (Rapid Shutdown System) Signal Detector is a functionality testing/confirmation device that senses power-line communication (PLC) signals coming from the transmitter source (i.e., Tigo's RSS Transmitter) to Tigo's UL-certified TS4-...

The Tigo RSS Transmitter is a rapid shutdown initiation device that sends a PLC keep-alive signal to compatible Tigo Fire Safety MLPE; when the signal stops, the PV modules enter rapid shutdown.

Selective deployment means placing module-level electronics only where they are needed, rather than requiring the same function on every module.

Self-consumption means using solar energy on-site instead of exporting it to the grid.

Setback ratio is a design concept that compares shaded or obstructed roof area to available module placement area, often used when deciding where optimization helps.

Shade tolerance is a system's ability to reduce the production impact of partial shading.

A shutdown initiation device triggers a rapid shutdown event, either manually, automatically, or through loss of power or signal.

A signal detector is a tool used to confirm whether a control or communication signal is present where it should be.

Signal strength is the measured quality of a wireless or communication link, often used to diagnose connectivity between rooftop devices and gateways.

A stock keeping unit (SKU) is a commercial inventory identifier used for ordering, stocking, and fulfillment.

A PV module that comes pre-assembled with Tigo's electronics already installed in the junction box.

Solar export value is the financial value of energy a PV system sends to the grid instead of using or storing onsite.

Solar-plus-storage is a PV system that pairs solar generation with a battery so energy can be stored and used later.

Standard Test Conditions, or STC, are laboratory conditions used to rate and compare solar module power output.

Startup voltage is the minimum DC voltage an inverter needs before it can begin operating and converting solar energy.

Storage attachment rate is the percentage of solar projects that include battery storage along with the PV system.

Storage temperature is the temperature range in which equipment can be stored without damage before installation or use.

Series of PV modules; in PV design it helps verify equipment ratings, wiring, and safe operating limits.

A string inverter is an inverter that converts DC power from one or more connected strings of solar modules into AC power.

String sizing is the process of choosing how many PV modules are wired in series so voltage and current stay within inverter and code limits across expected temperatures.

Online help documentation on Support site; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

System health is a summary of whether a solar or storage system is operating normally, producing as expected, and communicating correctly.

The identification number for a particular Tigo installation.

The module-level view of power production through the EI (Energy Intelligence) portal.

The Tigo Access Point (TAP) is a rooftop wireless communication device that connects compatible Tigo TS4 MLPE to the CCA for module-level monitoring and control.

Rate of power loss with heat increase; in solar projects it provides useful context for design, installation, service, or ownership.

Thermal dissipation is the process of moving heat away from electronics or enclosures to maintain reliable operation.

Thermal rating describes the temperature conditions a device can withstand or operate within safely.

A training academy is a structured learning resource for installers, designers, and service teams.

Tigo Cloud Monitoring refers to cloud-based monitoring through the Tigo Energy Intelligence platform, where connected system data is stored, analyzed, and displayed for users.